Chapter 10 – C How to Program 6e Multiple Choice Test Bank

---

 

Download  file with the answers

Not a member!
Create a FREE account here to get access and download this file with answers

---

10.1 Introduction
10.1 ________ may contain different data types.
(a) structures
(b) arrays
(c) both a and b
(d) none of these

10.2. __________ are collections of related variables—sometimes referred to as aggre-gates—under one name.
a) Members
b) Enumerations
c) Structures
d) Files

10.3. Structures may contain variables of many different data types—in contrast to ___________ that contain only elements of the same data type.
a) files
b) arrays
c) constants
d) functions
ANS: (b)
10.2 Structure Definitions
10.4 Two structure variables with the same member values
(a) always compare equally.
(b) never compare equally.
(c) sometimes compare equally.
(d) only compare equally if both structure variables contain holes.

10.5 What does the deck[52] array contain in the following statement?

struct card a, deck[52], *cPtr;

(a) card structure elements
(b) a structure elements
(c) *cPtr elements
(d) none of these

10.6. Keyword __________ introduces the structure definition.
a) structure
b) str
c) strdef
d) struct

10.7. A structure containing a member that’s a pointer to the same structure type is re-ferred to as a __________ structure.
a) self-referential
b) self-describing
c) self-recursive
d) self- elemental

10.8. Which statement is false?
a) Structures are derived data types.
b) Each structure definition must end with a semicolon.
c) A structure can contain an instance of itself.
d) Structures may not be compared using operators == and !=.

10.9. Which of the following is not a valid operation on a structure?
a) Assigning structure variables to structure variables of the same type.
b) Taking the address of a structure variable.
c) Using the sizeof operator to determine the size of a structure variable.
d) Comparing structures of the same type with relational operators.

10.3 Initializing Structures
10.10 Structure variables may not be initialized by
(a) setting user-defined default variable values in the struct definition.
(b) assigning values to individual data members.
(c) array-like member initializer lists.
(d) assignment statements.

10.11 What does the following statement do?

struct card a = { “Three”, “Hearts” };

(a) It creates a variable card of type struct with two members specified in the list.
(b) It creates two variables named Three and Hearts of type struct card a.
(c) It creates a variable a to be of type struct card and initializes it to the values in the list.
(d) It creates two variables named Three and Hearts of type struct card.

10.12. If there are fewer __________ in the list than members in the structure, the re-maining members are automatically initialized to 0 or NULL.
a) quantifiers
b) initializers
c) numerators
d) variables

10.13. Structures can be initialized in __________ statements.
a) assignment
b) null
c) scope
d) empty

10.4 Accessing Structure Members
10.14 Arrays are
(a) always passed call-by-reference.
(b) passed call-by-reference unless inside a structure.
(c) always passed call-by-value.
(d) passed call-by-value unless inside a structure.

10.15 The ________ accesses a structure member via the structure variable name.
(a) structure member operator
(b) structure pointer operator
(c) structure arrow operator
(d) none of these

10.16. The expression aptr->suit is equivalent to __________.
a) aptr.suit
b) *aptr.suit
c) (*aptr).suit
d) *aptr.(suit)

10.17. Which of the following is false?
a) Structure member names throughout a program must be unique.
b) Attempting to refer to a member of a structure by using only the member’s name is an error.
c) Inserting a space between the – and > of operator -> is an error.
d) The dot operator (.) is the structure member operator.

10.5 Using Structures with Functions
10.18 Structures may be passed to functions by ________.
(a) passing individual structure members
(b) passing an entire structure
(c) passing a pointer to the structure
(d) all of these

10.19 Arrays of structures ________.
(a) are automatically passed by reference
(b) are automatically passed by value
(c) cannot be passed by reference
(d) None of the above.

10.20. A structure of arrays is automatically passed __________.
a) by value
b) by reference
c) by aggregate
d) by masking

10.21. An array of structures is automatically passed __________.
a) by value
b) by reference
c) by aggregate
d) by enumeration

10.22. Which of the following is false?
a) To pass a structure by reference, pass the address of the structure variable.
b) A way to pass an array by value, is to create a structure with the array as a member then pass the name of the structure.
c) To pass a structure by reference, pass the name of the structure variable.
d) Passing large structures by reference is more efficient than passing large structures by value.

10.6 typedef
10.23 typedef is used to
(a) create a name that is an alias for a previously defined data type.
(b) create new data types.
(c) cast one struct to another type.
(d) initialize struct members.

10.24 Advantages of typedef do not include
(a) making programs more portable by allowing data types to be easily changed to meet system specifications.
(b) making type names shorter.
(c) making programs more readable.
(d) increasing the efficiency of accessing struct member variables.

10.25 Creating a new name with typedef __________.
a) creates a new type
b) creates a new type name
c) creates a new variable name
d) creates a new variable

10.26 Which statement is true?
a) Often, typedef is used to create synonyms for the basic data types.
b) Keyword typedef is used to create antonyms (or opposites) for the basic data types.
c) Names for structure types are typically defined with typedef to create longer type names.
d) The first letter of each typedef name must be capitalized.

10.7 Example: High-Performance Card-Shuffling and Dealing Simulation

10.27 What does the statement typedef struct card Card; do?
a) Defines card as a synonym for Card.
b) Defines Card as a synonym for card.
c) Defines Card as a synonym for struct card.
d) Defines Card as a synonym for typedef struct card.

10.28 Which of the following is always a syntax error?
a) Not using srand in every program that uses rand.
b) Not using rand in every program that uses srand.
c) Not using const when passing an array.
d) Forgetting to include the array subscript when referring to individual structures in an array of structures.
ANS: (d)
10.8 Unions
10.29 Which of the following is true?
(a) Unions may be compared using the == operator.
(b) The address operator (&) cannot be used to take the address of a union.
(c) Unions may only contain two data types.
(d) Only one union member, and thus one data type, can be referenced at a time

10.30 Which of the following is not an operation that can be performed on a union?
(a) comparing using the != operator
(b) taking the address (&) of a union
(c) accessing union members using the structure member operator
(d) assigning a union to another union of the same type

10.31 Which of the following is true?
a) A union typically makes less efficient use of memory than a struct.
b) A union is another name for a struct.
c) A union is a derived data type whose members share the same storage space.
d) Unions are always portable between different computers with different compilers.

10.32 Which statement is true?
a) The members of a union can be of any type.
b) The members of a union must all be of the same type.
c) A union may not be assigned to another union of the same type.
d) Unions may be compared to other unions of the same type.

10.9 Bitwise Operators

10.33 The most basic unit of data on a computer is the
(a) bit.
(b) byte.
(c) file.
(d) int.

10.34 Which of the following is not a bitwise operator?
(a) ^
(b) &
(c) ~
(d) *

10.35 Let Bit1 = Bit2 = 1. Which of the following does not have the same result as the others?
(a) Bit1 & Bit2
(b) Bit1 | Bit2
(c) Bit1^Bit2
(d) ~(~Bit2)

10.36 Evaluate (00001000 & 11000101) ^ (11110000)
(a) 00111101
(b) 11000000
(c) 00111101
(d) 11110000

10.37 Let x be an int on a machine with four-byte ints. What effect does
x<<=1; x>>=1;
have?
(a) There is no effect.
(b) The leftmost bit of x is set to zero.
(c) The rightmost bit of x is set to zero.
(d) Both (b) and (c).

10.38 For any eight-bit x, which of the following does not result in zero?
(a) x &= (~x)
(b) x ^= x
(c) x <<= 8
(d) x |= x

10.39 The bitwise operators can be used to manipulate the bits of variables of type __________.
a) float
b) double
c) long
d) long double

10.40 Which operator sets the bits in the result to 1 only when the corresponding bits in the two operands are both 1?
a) bitwise AND
b) bitwise inclusive OR
c) bitwise exclusive OR
d) bitwise complement

10.41 Which operator sets the bits in the result to 1 if at least one of the corresponding bits in the two operands is 1?
a) bitwise AND
b) bitwise inclusive OR
c) bitwise exclusive OR
d) bitwise complement

10.42 Which operator sets the bits in the result to 1 if at exactly one of the correspond-ing bits in the two operands is 1?
a) bitwise AND
b) bitwise inclusive OR
c) bitwise exclusive OR
d) bitwise complement

10.43 Which statement is true of the << operator? a) It’s called the right shift operator. b) It’s called the bitwise right shift operator. c) It shifts the bits of the second operand left by the number of bits specified by the first operand. d) It fills from the right with 0 bits. ANS: (d) 10.44 Which statement is true of the >> operator?
a) It is called the left shift operator.
b) It is called the bitwise left shift operator.
c) It shifts the bits of the first operand right by the number of bits specified by the second operand.
d) It fills from the left portably across platforms.

10.45 In bitwise manipulations, a mask is typically __________.
a) A floating point value with specific bits set to 1.
b) An integer value with specific bits set to 1.
c) An integer value with specific bits set to 0.
d) A floating point value with specific bits set to 0.

10.46 Which of the following is true?
a) Any bit “ANDed” with 0 yields 0.
b) Any bit “ANDed” with 1 yields 1.
c) Any bit “ANDed” with 0 yields 1.
d) Any bit “ANDed” with 1 yields 0.

10.47 Which statement is true?
a) || is the bitwise or operator,
b) | is the logical or operator
c) Operators || and | are interchangeable.
d) || and | are each binary operators.

10.48 Which statement is false?
a) The result of shifting a value is undefined if the right operand is negative.
b) The result of shifting a value is undefined if the right operand has more bits than the number of bits in which the left operand is stored.
c) Left shifting is machine dependent.
d) Right shifting is machine dependent.

10.10 Bit Fields

10.49 A bitfield must be defined as a __________.
(a) int or unsigned
(b) char
(c) float
(d) long

10.50 The number of bits in a bitfield is specified with __________.
(a) parenthesis as in bitfield(4)
(b) a colon as in bitfield : 4
(c) brackets as in bitfield[4]
(d) a dot as in bitfield.4

10.51 __________ is not allowed.
(a) Accessing individual bits in a multi-bit bitfield.
(b) Padding a bitfield with bits that cannot be accessed
(c) Having an unnamed bitfield.
(d) Having a bitfield with a zero width.

10.52 Which statement is false?
a) Bit field manipulations are machine dependent.
b) Bit fields may never cross a word boundary.
c) Bit fields are not “arrays of bits.”
d) It is not possible to take the address of a bit field.

10.53 An unnamed bit field with a zero width is used to __________.
a) purge a bit from a bit field
b) initialize a bit field to 0.
c) concatenate two bit fields.
d) align the next bit field on a new storage unit boundary.

10.54 Which statement is false?
a) Using bit fields can be an effective space saving technique.
b) Using bit fields always results in faster executing machine language.
c) The decision to use bit fields is one of many examples of the kinds of space-time tradeoffs that occur in computer science.
d) An unnamed bit field with a non-zero width is used as padding in a struct of bit fields.

10.11 Enumeration Constants
10.55 Enumeration constants within an enumeration
(a) must have unique integer values
(b) can be assigned other values once they have been defined
(c) must have unique identifiers
(d) are defined using the keyword const

10.56 Which statement is false?
a) Assigning a value to an enumeration constant when creating an enumeration type causes a syntax error.
b) An enumeration is a set of integer constants represented by identifiers.
c) Enumeration constant values can be set automatically.
d) Assigning a value to an enumeration constant after it has been defined is a syntax error.

10.57 Which statement is true?
a) The identifiers in an enumeration must be unique.
b) The constant values assigned to members of an enumeration must be unique.
c) Enumeration constant names must consist of all uppercase letters.
d) Values in an enumeration start with 1 unless specified otherwise.
ANS: (a)
10.12 Secure C Programming
10.58 Which of the following statements is true?
(a) The size of a struct variable is the sum of its members’ sizes.
(b) struct variables can be compared for equality or inequality.
(c) In a struct variable, undefined extra bytes could contain secure data—left over from prior use of those memory locations—that should not be accessible.
(d) None of the above.

10.59 Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Allowing multiple enumeration constants to have the same value can result in diffi-cult-to-find logic errors.`
(b) Performing bitwise operations on integer types smaller than int always yields cor-rect results.
(c) Bitwise operations on signed and unsigned integer types are portable across plat-forms.
(d) None of the above.